The Transformer database: biotransformation of xenobiotics
نویسندگان
چکیده
As the number of prescribed drugs is constantly rising, drug-drug interactions are an important issue. The simultaneous administration of several drugs can cause severe adverse effects based on interactions with the same metabolizing enzyme(s). The Transformer database (http://bioinformatics.charite.de/transformer) contains integrated information on the three phases of biotransformation (modification, conjugation and excretion) of 3000 drugs and >350 relevant food ingredients (e.g. grapefruit juice) and herbs, which are catalyzed by 400 proteins. A total of 100,000 interactions were found through text mining and manual validation. The 3D structures of 200 relevant proteins are included. The database enables users to search for drugs with a visual display of known interactions with phase I (Cytochrome P450) and phase II enzymes, transporters, food and herbs. For each interaction, PubMed references are given. To detect mutual impairments of drugs, the drug-cocktail tool displays interactions between selected drugs. By choosing the indication for a drug, the tool offers suggestions for alternative medications to avoid metabolic conflicts. Drug interactions can also be visualized in an interactive network view. Additionally, prodrugs, including their mechanisms of activation, and further information on enzymes of biotransformation, including 3D models, can be viewed.
منابع مشابه
Modulating Role of Panax Ginseng in Phase - II Reaction of Hepato - Biotransformation in Albino Rats Following Mercuric Chloride Intoxication
Introduction: The fate of xenobiotics that is present, increasing day by day. The increasing fates altered or inhibit the metabolic activities like detoxification and biotransformation. Methods: The present study highlights this slow biotransformation and detoxification on the basis of specific enzymes which have a say in assessment of mercuric chloride toxicity and modulation by Panax ginse...
متن کاملXMetDB: an open access database for xenobiotic metabolism
Xenobiotic metabolism is an active research topic but the limited amount of openly available high-quality biotransformation data constrains predictive modeling. Current database often default to commonly available information: which enzyme metabolizes a compound, but neither experimental conditions nor the atoms that undergo metabolization are captured. We present XMetDB, an open access databas...
متن کاملThe role of biotransformation in the estrogenicity of xenobiotics The role of biotransformation in the estrogenicity of xenobiotics
متن کامل
DrugMetZ DB: an anthology of human drug metabolizing Chytochrome P450 enzymes
UNLABELLED Understandings the basics of Cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) will help to discern drug metabolism. CYP, a super-family of heme-thiolate proteins, are found in almost all living organisms and is involved in the biotransformation of a diverse range of xenobiotics, therapeutic drugs and toxins. Here, we describe DrugMetZ DB, a database for CYP metabolizing drugs. The DB is implemented in ...
متن کامل